Uttarakhand (उत्तराखंड)

Uttarakhand (formerly Uttaranchal) is a state in North India. Uttarakhand was formed on 7 November 2000 as the twenty-seventh state of the Republic of India after several years of agitation. From 2000 to 2007, it was known as Uttaranchal. The state borders Tibet in the north and Nepal in the east. Himachal Pradesh in the west and Uttar Pradesh in the south are the states bordering it. Before its formation in 2000. Uttarakhand was a part of Uttar Pradesh. Uttarakhand means northern region or part in Hindi and Sanskrit. The state has many important pilgrimage centers of the sacred religion of Hinduism and the origin of the largest rivers of India, Ganga, and Yamuna, Gangotri, and Yamunotri respectively, and the Vedic culture on its banks. Dehradun is the capital of Uttarakhand, it is the largest city in this state. A small town called Garasain has been proposed as the future capital in view of its geographical location. Dehradun still remains the temporary capital.

 

History of Uttarakhand

The history of Uttarakhand is legendary. The literal meaning of Uttarakhand is the transformation of northern terrain. This name is mentioned in the early Hindu texts, where it is mentioned as Kedarkhand (present Garhwal) and Manaskhand (present Kumaon). Uttarakhand is also an ancient mythological term used for the spread of the Himalayas. Uttarakhand is also known as "Dev Bhoomi" because this entire region is the playground of religious and divine beings and the key and mysterious essence of the origin and glories of Hinduism. The Pauravas, the Kushans, the Guptas, the Katyuri, the Raikas, the Palas, the Chandas, the Paramaras, and the Payal dynasties and the British alternately ruled here.

 

Languages of Uttarakhand

Hindi and Sanskrit are the official languages of the Uttarakhand state. The main languages spoken in Uttarakhand are Brajbhasha, Garhwali, and Kumauni.

 

The lakes of Uttarakhand

Major lakes and locks of the state include Gaurikund, Roopkund, Nandikund, Doyodhi Tal, Jaraal Tal, Shahastra Tal, Masar Tal, Nainital, Bhimtal, Seven Tal, Naukuchiya Tal, Dry Tal, Shyamala Tal, Surpa Tal, Garudi Tal, Harish Tal, Lokham Tal, Parvati Tal, Tadag Tal (Kumaon region) etc.

 

Rivers of Uttarakhand

The rivers of this region hold the most important place in Indian culture. Uttarakhand is the origin of many rivers. The rivers here are a major resource for irrigation and hydropower generation. Many religious and cultural centers are established on the banks of these rivers. The origin of the holy river Ganges of Hindus are the southern ranges of the main Himalayas. The Ganges begins with the rivers Alaknanda and Bhagirathi. The tributaries of Alaknanda are Dhauli, Vishnu Ganga and Mandakini. The river Ganges originates from the Gaumukh place in the form of Bhagirathi is 25 km long Gangotri glacier. Bhagirathi and Alaknanda Dev confer Prayag after which she is known as Ganga. The Yamuna River originates from the western Yemenotri glacier of Bandar tail.The origin of the Ram Ganga is found in the Makcha Chung glacier northwest of Taklakot.The major rivers in the state are Kali, Ramganga, Kosi, Gomti, Tons, Dhauli Ganga, Gauriganga, Pinder Nayar (East) Pinder Nayar (West) etc.

 

District of Uttarakhand

There are 13 districts in Uttarakhand which are grouped into two divisions: the Kumaon division and the Garhwal division.

 

The Kumaon division has six districts

1. Almora District
2. Udham Singh Nagar District
3. Champawat District
4. Nainital District
5. Pithoragarh District
6. Bageshwar District

 

There are seven districts of the Garhwal division

1. Uttarkashi District
2. Chamoli Garhwal District
3. Tehri Garhwal District
4. Dehradun District
5. Pauri Garhwal District
6. Rudraprayag District
7. Haridwar District

 

Tourist spot in Uttarakhand

There are many tourist places to visit in Uttarakhand. The major tourist places of the Uttarakhand state are:

1. Kedarnath
2. Nainital
3. Gangotri
4. Yamunotri
5. Badrinath
6. Almora
7. Rishikesh
8. Hemkund Sahib
9. Nanakmatta
10. Flower Vally

 

The University of Uttarakhand

Keeping in mind the regional sentiments that later resulted in the state of Uttarakhand, Garhwal and Kumaon Universities were established in 1973.

The most famous universities in Uttarakhand are:

• The Central University of Rishikesh from All India Institute of Medical Sciences
• Indian Institute of Management 2012, Central University Kashipur
• Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Central University Roorkee
• Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology State University Pantnagar
• Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University Central University Srinagar and Pauri
• Kumaon University State University Nainital and Almora
• Uttarakhand University of Technology State University Dehradun
• Doon University State University Dehradun
• University of Petroleum and Energy Education, Private University Dehradun
• Himgiri Nabh University Niji University Dehradun
• Chartered Financial Analyst Institute of India (ICFAI) Private University Dehradun
• Indian Forestry Institute Deemed University Dehradun
• Himalayan Institute of Hospital Trust Deemed University Dehradun
• Graphic Era University Deemed University Dehradun
• Gurukul Kangri University Deemed University Haridwar
• Patanjali Yogpeeth University Niji University Haridwar
• Dev Culture University Private University Haridwar
• Uttarakhand Open University State University Haldwani

 

Uttarakhand Weather

The weather of Uttarakhand can be divided into two parts: mountainous and less mountainous or planar.

The weather in the north and northeast is symbolic of the Himalayan highlands, where the monsoon has great influence on the year. The annual average rainfall in the state is 1806 mm according to the year 2006 data. Had happened. The maximum temperature is 60.2 degrees Celsius in Pantnagar. (2007) Face and minimum temperature of -5.4 degrees. Is inscribed in Mukteshwar.

 

Transportation of Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand state is well connected by rail, air, and road. The total length of metalled roads in Uttarakhand is 21,907 km. The length of roads constructed by the Public Works Department is 16,82 km and the length of roads constructed by local bodies is 3,925 km.

Jolly Grant (Dehradun) and Pantnagar (Udham Singh Nagar) have airstrips. The construction of airstrips at Naini-Saini (Pithoragarh), Gauchar (Chamoli), and Chinyalisaur (Uttarkashi) is under construction. 'Pawanhans Ltd.' Has started a helicopter service for pilgrims from 'Rudra Prayag' to 'Kedarnath'.

 

The railway station of Uttarakhand

The railway stations of the Uttarakhand state are:

1. Dehradun: Dehradun railway station is about 3 km from Ghantaghar / city center. This station was built in 1897.

2. Haridwar Junction

3. Kathgodam-Haldwani Railway Station

4. Roorkee

5. Ramnagar

6. Kotdwar Railway Station

7. Udham Singh Nagar

 

The Airport of Uttarakhand

Jollygrant Airport (Dehradun): Jollygrant Airport, is  also known as Dehradun Airport. It is situated in the eastern foothills ofthe  Himalayas at a distance of 25 km from Dehradun. It has recently been expanded to land larger aircraft. Earlier only small aircraft could land here but now Airbus A320 and Boeing 737 can also land here.

Chakrata Air Force Floor: Chakrata Air Force Floor is located in Chakrata, a cantonment town in Dehradun district. It is situated between Tons and Yamuna rivers, at an altitude of 1,650 to 1,950 meters above sea level.

Pantnagar Airport (Pantnagar, Nainital)

Agastyamuni (Heliport) (Rudraprayag)

Naini Saini Airport (Pithoragarh)

 

Food and Drink of Uttarakhand

Uttarakhandi food refers to the food of both the divisions of the state, Kumaon and Garhwal. Traditional Uttarakhandi food is very nutritious and easy to make. The ingredients used are easily available in any local Indian grocery store.

Here are some popular dishes in Uttarakhand:

1. Raita

2. Kafuli/Kapaa

3. Phaanu

4. Baadi

5. Bhatt ki Churdkani

6. Aloo ke Gutke

7. Chainsoo

8. Rus/Thhatwani

9. Dubuk/Dubke

10. Jhangore Ki Kheer

11. Aloo Tamatar ka Jhol

12. Mandua ki Roti

 

Chief Ministers of Uttarakhand

Since the establishment of the Uttarakhand state, there have been 8 Chief Ministers here, of which Trivendra Singh Rawat has been appointed Chief Minister this time:

1. Nityanand Swamy
2. Bhagat Singh Kosari
3. Narayan Dutt Tiwari
4. Bhuvan Chandra Khanduri
5. Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank
6. Bhuvan Chandra Khanduri (for the second time in a term)
7. Vijay Bahuguna
8. Harish Rawat
9. Trivendra Singh Rawat
10. Tiath Singh Rawat
11. Pushkar Singh Dhami

The current Governor is Lieutenant General Gurmit Singh. Currently, there is a Bharatiya Janata Party Government in Uttarakhand.

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